The term Hessian refers to the inhabitants of the German state of Hesse.
Hessian may also mean:
- Hessian (soldiers), soldiers from German states with-in the Holy Roman Empire who fought in the American Revolutionary War and other conflicts
- Hessian dialects, West Central German group of dialects
- Hessian (protocol), a binary protocol for web services developed by Caucho Technology
- Hessian (boot), knee-high tasseled boot worn by military officers in Victorian-era England
- Hessian matrix, in mathematics, the matrix of all second partial derivatives of a function of several real variables
- Hessian Fly, a significant cereal pest
- Hessian (Cloth), coarse woven material (chiefly United Kingdom and Ireland), akin to Burlap (chiefly North American)
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