This is a list of rulers of Damascus from ancient times to the present.
- General context: History of Damascus.
- Uz ben Shem (c. 2500 BC?)
- Biryawaza (1300s BC)
- Rezon I (c. 950 BC)
- Tab-Rimmon
- Bar Haddad I (c. 914 BC-c. 880 BC)
- Bar Haddad II (c. 880 BC-c. 843 BC)
- Hazael (c. 843 BC-c. 804 BC)
- Bar Haddad III (c. 796 BC)
- Tab-El (c. 770 BC)
- Rezon II (c. 740 BC-732 BC)
Period of non-independence
Ummayad dynasty ruling in Damascus
- Abdallah ibn 'Ali (750-753)
- as-Salih ibn 'Ali (753)
- Abd al-Bahhab ibn Ibrahim al-Abbasi (754-763)
- ?
- Abu Ja'far Harun al-Rashid (783-786)
- ?
- Ibrahim as-Salih (791-793)
- Musa ibn Yahya al-Barmaki (793-794)
- Abd al-Malik ibn as-Salih (794-797)
- Ja'far ibn Yahya (797-803)
- Shuyat ibn Hadim (803-804)
- ?
- Yahya ibn Muad (808-810)
- Abd al-Malik ibn as-Salih (810-811)
- Sulayman ibn al-Mansur (811-815)
- Tahir ibn al-Husein (815-821)
- Abdallah ibn Tahir (821-822)
- ?
- Abu Ishaq Muhammad al-Mu'tasim (828-829)
- al-Abbas ibn al-Ma'mun (829-833)
- 'Ali ibn Ishaq (833-841)
- Rija ibn Ayyub al-Hadari (841-847)
- Malik ibn Sauq al-Taglibi (847-850)
- Ibrahim al-Muyad ibn Mutawakkil (850-855)
- al-Fath ibn Hakan al-Turki (856-861)
- 'Isa ibn Muhammad ibn al-Shayh (861-864)
- ?
- Amajur (871-872)
- Abu Ahmad Talha al-Muwaffak ibn Mutawakkil (872-877)
- to Egypt (877-969)
- Tughj ibn Jauf (896)
- Abu Bakr Muhammad al-Ikshidi (896-933)
- Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Kaigaliq (933-935)
- directly to Egypt (935-943)
- Hamdanid dynasty
- Muhammad ibn Yazdad al-Shahrzuri (943-945)
- Saif ad-Dawlah Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn Abu al-Shuja (945)
- Muhammad ibn Raik (945-946)
- Saif ad-Dawlah Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn Abu al-Shuja (946)
- directly to Egypt (Ikhshidid dynasty, 946-969)
- Abu Ali Jafar ibn Fallah al-Katami (969-971)
- ?
- Zalim inbn Mauhab al-Ukayli (973-974)
- Jaysh ibn Muhammad (974)
- Rayn al-Muizzi (974)
- Alp Tegin al-Muizzi (974-977)
- Qassam al-Turab (977-983)
- Bal Tegin al-Turki (983)
- Bakjur (983-991)
- Munir al-Hadim (991)
- Magu Tegin (993-996)
- Sulayman ibn Fallah (996)
- Bishara al-Ikhshidi (997-998)
- Jaysh ibn Muhammad (998-1000)
- Sulayman ibn Fallah (1000-1002)
- Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Jafar (1002-1004)
- Abu Salih Muflih al-Lihyani (1004-1009)
- Hamid ibn Mulham (1009)
- Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1010-1011)
- Badr al-Attar (1011-1012)
- Abu Abdallah al-Muzahhir (1012-1014)
- Abd ar-Rahman ibn Ilyas (1015-1021)
- Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1021-1023)
- Shihab ad-Dawlah Shah Tegin (1023-1024)
- Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1024-1028)
- Anushtegin ad-Dizbari (1028-1041)
- Nasir ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Husein al-Hamdani (1041-1048)
- Baha ad-Dawlah Takiq al-Saklabi (1048-1049)
- Uddat ad-Dawlah Rifq al-Mustansiri (1049)
- Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawlah (1049-1058)
- Makin ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn 'Ali (1058)
- Nasir ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Husein al-Hamdani (1058-1060)
- Sebuq Tegin (1060)
- Muwaffaq ad-Dawlah Jauhar al-Mustansiri (1060-1061)
- Hasam ad-Dawlah ibn al-Bachinaki (1061)
- Uddat ad-Dawlah ibn al-Husein (1061)
- Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawla (1061-1063)
- Badr al-Jamali (1063)
- Hisn ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Mansur (1063-1067)
- Qutb ad-Din Baris Tegin (1068-1069)
- Hisn ad-Dawlah Mualla al-Kitami (1069-1071)
- ?
- Zain ad-Dawlah Intisar ibn Yahya al-Masmudi (1075-1076)
- ?
- Sunkur al-Ashkar (1275-1280)
- Lajin al-Askhar (1280-?)
- Akush Beg (c. 1290s)
- Izz ad-Din Ayback (?-1296)
- Shuja ad-Din Adirlu (1296-1297)
- Sayf ad-Din Kipchak (1297-1312)
- Sayf ad-Din Tanqiz as-Nasiri (1312-1340)
- Yilbugha al-Nasiri (1340-1350)
- Sayf ad-Din Manjak (1350)
- Tash Timur (c. 1380)
- Yilbugha al-Nasiri (?-1393)
- Sayf ad-Din Tanibak (1393-1399)
- Sudun (1399-1400)
- occupied by Timur (1400-1401)
- Taghribirdi al-Zahiri (1401-?)
- ?
- Kijmas (c. 1470s)
- Ghazali Arab (c. 1500s)
- Shihab ad-Din Ahmad (1516-1517)
- Janbirdi al-Ghazali (1518-1521)
- Yunus Pasha (c. 1516)
- Aiyaz Pasha (1521-1522)
- Ferhad Pasha (1522-1523)
- Hurram Pasha (1523-1525)
- Sulayman Pasha al-Tawashi (1525-1526)
- Lutf Pasha (1526-1528)
- Isa Bey Pasha Chenderli (1528-1531)
- Mustafa Ablaq Pasha (1531-1534)
- Lutf Pasha (1534-1535)
- Isa Bey Pasha Chenderli (1535)
- Mohammad Kuzal Pasha (1536-1537)
- Topal Sulayman Pasha (1537-1538)
- Ahmed Pasha I (1538-1539)
- Qese Husrau Pasha (1539-1541)
- Isa Pasha (1541-1543)
- Piri Pasha (1543-1545)
- Hadim Sinan Pasha (1545-1550)
- Piri Pasha (1550-1551)
- Mohammad Pasha Bartaki (1551-1552)
- Shamsi Ahmed Pasha (1552-1555)
- Hizr Pasha (1555-1561)
- Ali Pasha Lankun (1561-1563)
- Khusrau Pasha I (1563)
- Lala Mustafa Pasha (1563-1569)
- Murad Pasha Shaitan (1569)
- Ali Pasha Lankun (1569-1570)
- Haji Ahmed Pasha (1570-1571)
- Lala Jafar Pasha (1574-1575)
- Murad Pasha (1575-1577)
- Hasan Pasha I (1577-1581)
- Bahram Pasha (1581-1582)
- Husein Pasha I (1582-1583)
- Hasan Pasha I (1583)
- Qubad Sulayman Pasha (1584)
- Hasan Pasha I (1585-1586)
- Uways Pasha (1586-1587)
- Mohammas Pasha Farhad (1587-1588)
- Uways Pasha (1588-1589)
- Elwanzade Ali Pasha (1589-1590)
- Kocha Sinan Pasha (1590)
- Hasan Pasha I (1590-1591)
- Mustafa Pasha I (1591-1592)
- Khalil Pasha (1592-1593)
- Qachirji Mohammad Pasha (1593-1594)
- Hasan Pasha I (1594)
- Murad Pasha (1594-1595)
- Khusrau Pasha II (1595-1596)
- Razia Hutunzade Mustafa Pasha (1596-1597)
- Yusuf Sinan Pasha (1597-1598)
- Ahmed Pasha II (1598)
- Ahmed Pasha III (1598)
- Khusrau Pasha II (1599)
- Seyyed Mehmed Pasha (1599-1600)
- Othman Pasha (1601-1603)
- Farhad Pasha Bustanji (1603-1604)
- Mustafa Pasha II (1604-1607)
- Mahmud Pasha (1607-1608)
- Sufi Sinan Pasha (1608-1609)
- Ahmad al-Hafiz (1609-1615)
- Silihdar Mehmed Pasha (1615-1617)
- Ahmad al-Hafiz (1618-1619)
- Mustafa Pasha III (1619-1620)
- Sulayman Pasha I (1620-1621)
- Murtaza Pasha Bustanji (1621-1622)
- Mehmed Pasha Rushand (1622-1623)
- Mustafa Pasha al-Hannaq (1623-1624)
- Nigdeli Mustafa Pasha (1624-1625)
- Gurju Mehmed Pasha I (1625-1626)
- Tayar Oglu Mehmed Pasha (1626-1628)
- Küçük Ahmed Pasha (1628-1629)
- Mustafa Pasha IV (1629-1630)
- Nawaya Mehmed Pasha (1630-1631)
- Ilyas Pasha (1632-1633)
- Deli Yusuf Pasha (1633-1635)
- Küçük Ahmed Pasha (1635-1636)
- Dervish Mehmed Pasha I (1636-1638)
- Mustafa Pasha IV (1638-1639)
- Chifteli Othman Pasha (1639-1640)
- Mehmed Pasha I (1640-1641)
- Serji Ahmed Pasha (1641-1642)
- Melik Ahmed Pasha (1642-1643)
- Sultanzade Mehmed Pasha (1643)
- Silihdar Yusuf Pasha (1643-1644)
- Gurju Mehmed Pasha II (1644-1645)
- Ibrahim Pasha I (1645)
- Mehmed Pasha Salami (1645-1646)
- Gürcê Mehmed (1646)
- Silihadar Yusuf Pasha (1646-1647)
- Sufi Murteza Pasha (1647)
- Sofu Mehmed Pasha (1648)
- Damad Ibshir Mustafa Pasha (1649)
- Mehmed Pasha II (1649-1650)
- Silihdar Murtaza Pasha (1650)
- Siwasli Mustafa Pasha (1650-1651)
- Ag Ahmed Pasha (1651-1562)
- Deftarzade Mehmed Pasha (1653-1655)
- Qara Murad Pasha (1655)
- Qeprulu Fazil Ahmed Pasha (1659-1661)
- Sulayman Pasha II (1661-1663)
- Ribleli Mustafa Pasha (1663-1665)
- Salih Pasha I (1665-1666)
- Qara Mustafa Pasha (1666-1667)
- Mehmed Pasha Chewish Oglu (1667-1669)
- Ibrahim Pasha Shaytan (1669-1671)
- Abazekh Husein Pasha (1671-1672)
- Qara Mehmed Pasha (1672-1673)
- Ibrahim Pasha Shushman (1673-1674)
- Qer Husein Pasha (1674-1675)
- Ibrahim Pasha II (1675-1676)
- Osman Pasha Bustarji (1676-1679)
- Abazekh Husein Pasha (1679-1683)
- Ibrahim Pasha III (1684)
- Osman Pasha Bustarji (1684-1685)
- Kaplan Pasha (1686-1687)
- Arab Salih Pasha (1687-1688)
- Hamza Pasha (1688-1689)
- Silihdar Mustafa Pasha (1689-1690)
- Murtaza Pasha (1690-1691)
- Gurju Mehmed Pasha III (1691-1692)
- Ibshir Mustafa Pasha (1693-1694)
- Silihdar Osman Pasha (1695-1696)
- Silihdar Buuqli Mustafa Pasha (1696-1697)
- Ahmad Pasha Hacigirai (1697-1698)
- Silihdar Husein Pasha (1699)
- Silihdar Hasan Pasha (1700)
- Arslan Mehmed Pasha Matracyoghlu (1701)
- Salih Agha (1702)
- Mehmed Pasha Kurd Bajram (1702-1703)
- Pasha-ojlu (1703)
- Osman Pasha Arnavud (1703)
- Arslan Mehmed Pasha Matracyoghlu (1703-1704)
- Mustafa Pasha V (1704)
- Firari Hüseyin Pasha (1704-1705)
- Mehmed Pasha Kurd Bajram (1705-1706)
- Pasha-ojlu (1706)
- Baltaci Süleyman Pasha (1706-1707)
- Yusuf Pasha Qubtan Helvaci (1707)
- Halebli Hüseyin Pasha (1707)
- Osmanzade Nasuh Pasha al]]-[[Aydini (1708-1714)
- Cerkes Mehmed Pasha the Circassian (1714)
- Mehmed Pasha III (1714)
- Topal Yusuf Pasha (1715)
- Nevsehirli Damad Ibrahim Pasha (1716-1717)
- Köprülüzade Abd Allah Pasha (1717-1718)
- Reçeb Pasha (1718)
- Abu Tawq Matuqzade Osman Pasha (1718)
- Küçük Osman Pasha (1719-1720)
- Ali Pasha Maqtulojlu (1720-1723)
- Abu Tawq Matuqzade Osman Pasha (1723-1725)
- Azamzade Ismail Pasha (1725-1730)
- Osman Aça (1730)
- Qara Süleyman Aça (acting) (1730)
- Aidinli Abdallah Pasha (1730-1731)
- vacant (1731-1734)
- Azamzade Süleyman Pasha (1734-1738)
- Hüsein Pasha II (1738)
- Abu Tawq Matuqzade Osman Pasha (1739)
- Abdi Pashazade Ali Pasha (1740)
- Azamzade Süleyman Pasha (1741-1743)
- Azamzade Esad Pasha (1743-1757)
- Mekkizade Hüseyin Pasha (1757)
- Ishalyq Mehmed Pasha (1759-1760)
- Uthman Pasha al-Kurzi (1760-1771)
- Azamzade Mehmed Pasha (1771-1772)
- Hafiz Mustafa Pasha Bustanci (1772-1773)
- Azamzade Mehmed Pasha (1773-1783)
- Osmanzade Mehmed Pasha (1783)
- Osmanzade Dervish Pasha (1783-1784)
- Ahmed Pasha al-Jazzar (1784-1786)
- Hüseyin Pasha Battal (1786-1787)
- Abdi Pasha (1787-1788)
- Ibrahim Pasha al-Halabi (1788-1789)
- vacant (1789-1790)
- Ahmed Pasha al-Jazzar (1790-1795)
- Azamzade Abdallah Pasha (1795-1798)
- Ahmed Pasha al-Jazzar (1798-1799)
- Azamzade Abdallah Pasha (1799-1803)
- Ahmed Pasha al-Jazzar (1803-1804)
- Azamzade Abdallah Pasha (1804-807)
- Kunj Yusuf Pasha (1807-1810)
- Süleyman Pasha Silahdar (1810-1818)
- Salih Pasha II (1818)
- Abdallah Pasha II (1819-1821)
- Dervish Mehmd Pasha II (1821-1822)
- Mustafa Pasha IV (1822-1826)
- vacant (1826-1828)
- Benderli Selim Sirri Mehmed Pasha (1828-1831)
- Ali Pasha I (1831-1832)
- to Egypt, autonomous from the Ottoman Empire
- Ahmed Bey (1831-1832)
- Ibrahim Pasha IV (1832)
- Muhammad Sharif Pasha (1832-1838)
- vacant (1838-1840)
- Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1840-1841)
- Mehmed Reshid Pasha (1841-1844)
- Mehmed Namiq Pasha (1845-1846)
- Riza Pasha (1845-1846)
- Musa Sefveti Pasha (1846)
- Namiq Pasha (1848)
- Mehmed Namiq Pasha (1848-1850)
- Osman Pasha Said Pasha (1850-1852)
- Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1852)
- Açaf Pasha (1852-1854)
- Arif Mehmed Pasha (1854-1855)
- Mehmed Namiq Pasha (1855)
- Mahmud Nedim Pasha (1856-1857)
- Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1857)
- Ali Pasha II (1858)
- Mu'amer Pasha (1860)
- Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha (1860-1861)
- Ahmed Pasha IV (1861)
- Emin Muhlis Pasha (1861-1862)
- Mehmed Reshid Pasha (1862-1864)
- Müterçim Mehmed Rüstü Pasha (1864-1865)
- Reshid Pasha (1865-1871)
- Subhi Pasha (1871-1873)
- Sherif Mehmed Re'uf Pasha (1873-1874)
- Esad Pasha (1874-1875)
- Ahmed Hamdi Pasha (1875-1876)
- Ahmed Pasha V (1876-1877)
- Küçük Ömer Fevzi Pasha (1877-1878)
- Ali Haydar Midhat Pasha (1878-1879)
- Hamdi Pasha (1880-1885)
- Rashid Nashid Pasha (1885-1888)
- Manastirli Mehmed Nazif Pasha (1888-1889)
- Mustafa Asim Pasha (1889-1891)
- Topal Osman Nuri Pasha (1891-1892)
- Sherif Mehmed Rauf Pasha (1892-1894)
- Haçi Osman Nuri Pasha (1894-1895)
- Hasan Pasha II (1896-1897)
- Nazim Pasha (1897-1906)
- Shukri Pasha (1906-1909)
- Ismail Fazil Bey (1909-1911)
- Ismail Ghalib Bey (1911-1912)
- Kiazim Pasha (1912-1913)
- Arif Bey (1913)
- Mehmed Arif Bey Mardin (1914)
- Jamal Pasha (1915)
- Azmi Pasha (1915-1916)
- Tahsin Bey (1916-1918)
- Mehmed Gabriel Pasha (1918)
- Shukri Pasha (October 1-2, 1918)
Capital of Syria
See also
External links
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